My aunt would whip this up on rainy spring afternoons when money was tight proving you only need 4 ingredients to feed a hungry family.

This oven baked 4-ingredient depression era shipwreck casserole is the kind of supper my aunt would whip up on rainy spring afternoons when money was tight and a houseful of cousins were underfoot. It comes straight out of those lean Midwestern years when folks learned to stretch a pound of ground beef, a few potatoes, an onion, and a can of baked beans into something that could feed a hungry family and still feel like a treat. Everything bakes together in one simple foil-lined pan, the potatoes turning tender, the onions going soft and sweet, the beef savory, and the beans getting thick and sticky around the edges. It’s humble, filling, and comforting in that old-fashioned way that makes the whole kitchen smell like home.

Serve this casserole hot right out of the oven with a simple green side: a bowl of iceberg lettuce with sliced radishes and whatever dressing you have, or just some sliced cucumbers with salt and vinegar. Buttered white bread or dinner rolls are perfect for mopping up the saucy beans, and a jar of pickles or pickled beets on the table adds a nice tang against the richness. If you have it, a glass of cold milk or a cup of hot tea suits this no-fuss, stick-to-your-ribs supper just fine.

Servings: 6

1 pound ground beef (80–85% lean)

Preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C). Set a rack in the middle of the oven so the casserole cooks evenly.

Lightly grease a 9x13-inch metal baking pan or disposable tin foil tray with the cooking oil or butter, making sure to coat the corners so the potatoes don’t stick.

Rinse and peel the potatoes if you like (you can leave the skins on if they’re thin and clean). Slice the potatoes into thin rounds, about 1/8 to 1/4 inch thick, so they soften nicely in the oven.

Peel the onion and slice it into thin half-moons or rings. Set aside with the potatoes.

In a large skillet over medium heat, crumble in the ground beef. Season with the salt and black pepper. Cook, stirring and breaking it up with a spoon, until the beef is no longer pink. This should take about 5–7 minutes. Drain off any excess grease carefully into a heatproof container.

Open the can of baked beans and stir them in the can or a small bowl to loosen them up so they spread more easily.

Layer the casserole: Arrange half of the sliced potatoes in the bottom of the greased pan in an even layer. Scatter half of the sliced onions over the potatoes. Spoon half of the cooked ground beef evenly over the onions. Pour and spread about half of the baked beans over the top, letting them sink down between the pieces.

Repeat the layers with the remaining potatoes, onions, ground beef, and then the rest of the baked beans on top, spreading the beans to cover as much of the surface as you can. This helps keep the potatoes moist as they bake.

Cover the pan tightly with aluminum foil, crimping the edges so steam stays inside. Place the pan on the middle rack of the preheated oven.

Bake covered for 45 minutes, then carefully remove the foil (watch for hot steam). Check the potatoes by piercing them with a fork; they should be starting to get tender.

Return the uncovered casserole to the oven and bake another 20–30 minutes, or until the potatoes are fully tender, the beans are bubbling, and the edges look sticky and browned. If the top looks too dry at any point, you can lay the foil back on loosely for the last 10 minutes.

Remove the casserole from the oven and let it rest for at least 10 minutes before serving. This helps the layers settle so you can scoop out nice portions with a big spoon. Serve warm straight from the foil tray.

To stay true to the spirit of this 4-ingredient depression era casserole, the main building blocks remain: potatoes, onions, ground beef, and baked beans. That said, home cooks have always stretched and nudged recipes based on what’s on hand. If you need to be extra thrifty, you can use 1/2 to 3/4 pound of ground beef and add one more potato to bulk it up. For a little more flavor without adding fancy ingredients, sprinkle a pinch of garlic powder or dried oregano over the beef, or add a spoonful of mustard or ketchup to the baked beans before layering. If you prefer, you can swap in canned pork and beans or any baked beans you have, even slightly sweet ones; the sweetness will mellow as they bake. For a bit of crunch, uncover the casserole for the last 10 minutes and let the top edges of the beans and potatoes brown well. If you’re cooking for a smaller household, assemble the casserole in two smaller foil pans, bake one now, and cool and refrigerate the second (unbaked) pan for up to 24 hours, then bake it the next day, adding a little extra time if it’s cold going into the oven. Food safety tips: Always cook the ground beef until it is no longer pink and any juices run clear before layering it into the casserole; this ensures it reaches a safe temperature. Drain off excess grease into a heatproof container and discard once cooled; don’t pour it down the sink. Keep raw beef and its juices away from your sliced potatoes and onions by using separate utensils or washing your cutting board and knife in hot, soapy water before you slice the vegetables. If you make the casserole ahead, cool leftovers quickly, cover, and refrigerate within 2 hours. Reheat leftovers in a 350°F (175°C) oven until they are steaming hot in the center, or to at least 165°F (74°C). Leftovers will keep safely in the refrigerator for up to 3–4 days.